The district of Exdorf is located in the west of the municipality of Grabfeld, in the gentle valley of the "Jüchse", which flows past the western edge of the village. Together with the district of Obendorf, Exdorf forms the village of Exdorf. There is therefore a local mayor and a local council for both districts. Until the merger of the former member municipalities of the Grabfeld administrative community to form the municipality of Grabfeld on 01.12.2007, Obendorf was a district of the previously independent municipality of Exdorf.

The village was first mentioned as "Heigesdorf" in 951, when a Franconian nobleman named Fricco donated property in "Heigesdorf" to the Imperial Abbey of Fulda. The village was the seat of a Henneberg ministerial family named after him, which can be traced from 1235 to 1438.

The first mention of the church in Exdorf dates back to 1335. It was fundamentally redesigned in Baroque style in 1730 and took on its current form. The church with its massive medieval tower and the attached tail dome is a listed building.

Exdorf has a number of architectural monuments that are worthy of note. Some houses have very beautiful half-timbered details, as well as courtyard entrance portals dating back to the late Middle Ages. The area offers an abundance of cultural and historical treasures such as half-timbered houses, evidence of prehistory and early history and charming, natural hiking trails.

Socializing played a major role in village life in earlier times. Today, local associations strive to preserve certain traditions and promote sociability. For example, a large traditional costume festival is held every year at the beginning of September.

The district of Exdorf is home to 385 people. The Exdorf district covers 1,130 hectares.

 Exdorf took part in the village competition "Our village has a future" in 2017.