The village of Eichfeld, which mainly consists of two lanes, lies to the left of the Schaalbach stream in the valley of the same name. First mentioned in 1074 as Eichenfeld, the village was agricultural for a long time. From the 16th century onwards, several craftsmen worked in Eichfeld, and in the 19th and 20th centuries there were several small businesses.

The village church was built in 1751 on the remains of a previous building. In 1771, the "Tulip Festival" donated by the Chancellor of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, Christian Ulrich von Ketelhodt, was celebrated here for the first time, rewarding schoolchildren for their diligent learning.

In 1950, the municipality merged with neighboring Keilhau. Both villages have belonged to the town of Rudolstadt since October 1, 1993.