The house was the seat of the Teutonic Order lords in the upper town from the mid-13th to the mid-16th century. From February 1525 to May 1525 it became the residence of Thomas Müntzer. The reformer, who was famous alongside Martin Luther, preached in St. Mary's Church opposite and made the town the focus of German history at the time of the Peasants' War. After the departure of the Teutonic Order, the building becomes the rectory of St. Mary's until 1975.

Friedrich August Stüler was born here on 28.01.1800. Stüler was one of the most important architects of his time. In addition to the New Museum in Berlin, the "architect to the king" Friedrich Wilhelm IV designed numerous Brandenburg churches and manor houses, but the busy Mühlhausen architect was also regularly active internationally.

Today, the house houses the administrative headquarters of the Mühlhausen church district.