St. Bartholomew's Church, better known as the town church, was originally a Romanesque building. Around 1290, the tower, which is still preserved today, was added to the south side, and around 1400 the Romanesque nave was replaced by a larger Gothic one. A new choir with star vaults was built between 1474 and 1476.

The town church of St. Bartholomew in Pößneck is home to one of the largest and most important romantic organs in Thuringia. The pipes are still original and guarantee the typical romantic warm, wide and round sound. In 1896, master organ builder Kreutzbach built an organ with 39 stops. This was extended to 52 stops and 2 transmissions by the organ builder Jehmlich in 1926. After a thorough renovation, the organ has been resounding with a new fullness of sound since its rededication on Thuringia Day 2015.