There was probably a first chapel dedicated to the Virgin Mary in Fridritt at the end of the 13th century, as evidenced by an early Gothic, stone sacrament niche in the north wall of the tower chapel. The early Gothic miraculous image also dates from around 1360.

In 1599, the responsible abbot of Bildhausen was asked to renovate the dilapidated chapel; the tower dome was given its current shape. The chapel was destroyed during the Thirty Years„ War and the pilgrimage died out. However, more believers soon returned to the small village, attracted by reports of miracles. In 1654, it was said that on the eve of Marian feasts, sighs and lamentations as well as the ringing of bells and “humming„ could often be heard in the chapel, without any natural explanation being found. Reports of apparitions and healings from the years 1656/57 further increased the flow of pilgrims. The abbot of Bildhausen then restored the “former devotion" with the permission of the Würzburg prince-bishop, the destroyed chapel was rebuilt in 1663 and the pilgrimage continued to grow.

In the 17th and 18th centuries, an impressive procession came from Bad Neustadt via Bildhausen to Fridritt for the main feast of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary. At times, up to six monks had to take on the pastoral care of the pilgrims.

In 1728, the now dilapidated little church could no longer cope with the large crowds of pilgrims. Master builder Johann Georg Tantzner from Ebern therefore demolished the old building down to the tower in 1734 and erected a baroque building, which was consecrated in 1742 with the name „Mariä Himmelfahrt und St. Laurentius“. However, structural damage began to appear as early as 1769 and the tower even threatened to collapse in 1775. This was accompanied by the decline of the pilgrimage, which had already been announced in 1739 when the Bildhausen monks ceased pastoral care. After the dissolution of the Maria Bildhausen monastery in 1803, processions only came from the surrounding villages. After a brief revival during the two world wars, the Fridritter pilgrimage was considered to have died out around 1960.

The baroque, architecturally simple hall of the Fridritter pilgrimage church reveals its splendor above all in the interior: The frescoes on the nave ceiling depict key events from the life of the Mother of God and scenes from the Old Testament. The altars, still in the heavy forms of the late Baroque period, appear powerful and magnificent: while the high altar, donated by the Bildhäuser abbot Engelbert Klöpfel, is dedicated to the Cistercian saint Bernhard von Clairvaux, the right side altar is dedicated to the theme of vocation. However, the pilgrims' declared goal is the Fridritter miraculous image on the left-hand side, the oldest parts of which date back to the middle of the 14th century.