The village of Rentwertshausen is located on a gentle hill between Bibra and Queienfeld. To the north-east, a range of limestone hills stretches from Bibra to Exdorf, while the Arnsberg mountain borders the village to the north-west.

It was first mentioned in a document in 1310 under the name "Rentewighusen" (dwelling of the knight Rentwig). The place name changed over the years: Reitwigshausen, Rentwigshausen, Reitwitzhusen, Rempershausen. The village was popularly called "Remshausen". There was already a village center at that time, which essentially still exists today.

In 1928, the municipality of Rentwertshausen acquired the former castle from the children of the de Harde family. Part of the purchase price was donated by Ch. Heurich, a brewery owner from Washington. The village street was renamed Heurichstraße in his honor. The house currently houses the mayor's office, a cultural room, a club room and apartments.

The keep belonging to the castle was converted into a church tower. It is probably still a medieval tower, although its half-timbered superstructure with gabled roof also belongs to the 17th century.

Two newly created hiking trails run along the edge of the Arnsberg forest. One runs to the Thuringian-Bavarian border and the other to the Henneburg castle in Henneberg. Both paths offer walkers a wonderful panorama of Rentwertshausen and its neighboring villages, which can be enjoyed from the numerous resting places.

321 people live in Rentwertshausen. The area of the Rentwertshausen district is 348 ha.